How Wildfires Are Affecting Air Quality in the USA (And What You Can Do About It)

The Growing Threat of Wildfire Smoke

Wildfires have become a significant environmental crisis in the USA, especially in states like California, Oregon, Washington, and Nevada. The frequency and intensity of these fires have increased due to climate change, prolonged droughts, and extreme heat waves. Beyond the immediate danger of destruction, wildfires have severe long-term consequences for air quality, affecting millions of people across the country.

How Wildfire Smoke Affects Air Quality

Wildfire smoke is a mixture of fine particles, carbon monoxide, and harmful chemicals that can travel thousands of miles from the fire’s origin. This results in:

1. Increased Levels of Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

• Fine particles from wildfire smoke penetrate deep into the lungs and can enter the bloodstream, causing respiratory and cardiovascular issues.
• PM2.5 exposure is linked to asthma, bronchitis, and reduced lung function, especially in children and the elderly.

2. Hazardous Air Quality Index (AQI) Readings

• During wildfire season, cities downwind of large fires often experience AQI levels in the “Unhealthy” or “Hazardous” range, making outdoor activities dangerous.
• People with pre-existing conditions like COPD and asthma are at higher risk.

3. Indoor Air Contamination

• Wildfire smoke infiltrates homes through windows, doors, and HVAC systems, leading to poor indoor air quality (IAQ).
• Toxins from burned vegetation and structures can create long-term indoor pollution if not properly filtered.

4. Long-Term Health Effects

• Chronic exposure to wildfire smoke increases the risk of lung disease, heart disease, and stroke.
• Studies show that repeated exposure may also contribute to weakened immune function.

What You Can Do to Protect Yourself

1. Monitor Air Quality Levels

• Use apps like AirNow, PurpleAir, or local weather stations to track AQI levels in your area.
• Stay indoors when air quality reaches unhealthy levels and avoid strenuous outdoor activities.

2. Improve Indoor Air Quality

• Use HEPA Air Purifiers: High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters remove fine particles from indoor air.
• Seal Windows and Doors: Use weather stripping and keep doors/windows closed during wildfire events.
• Upgrade HVAC Filters: Use high-quality filters (MERV 13 or higher) to trap pollutants entering your home.
• Professional Air Duct Cleaning: Smoke residue can settle in your HVAC system, so regular duct cleaning is essential.

3. Wear Proper Masks When Outdoors

• N95 or P100 masks provide the best protection against fine particles in wildfire smoke.
• Avoid cloth masks or surgical masks, as they do not filter out PM2.5 effectively.

4. Create a Clean Air Room

• Choose one room in your home and use an air purifier, keep doors/windows sealed, and minimize the use of pollutant sources (candles, gas stoves, etc.).

5. Support Forest Management & Fire Prevention Efforts

• Follow local fire safety guidelines and avoid activities that could start wildfires.
• Support reforestation and controlled burns to reduce wildfire risks.

Final Thoughts

With wildfires becoming more frequent and severe, understanding their impact on air quality is crucial for health and well-being. Taking proactive steps, such as monitoring air quality, using air purifiers, and maintaining clean indoor air, can help minimize the risks. Nevada Pure Air specializes in air purification solutions, helping you breathe cleaner air even during wildfire season.

For more air quality tips and expert services, visit Nevada Pure Air.